Glossophobia — better known as a fear of public speaking — affects 74% of people, according to a National Institute of Mental Health survey. So it's no surprise the very thought of addressing large crowds causes so much stress, angst, and discomfort.

根據(jù)美國心理健康研究所調(diào)查顯示，公開發(fā)言恐懼癥(也就是對公開發(fā)言的恐懼)影響了74%的人。所以在大量人群前演講會導致諸多緊張、焦慮、不安等情緒就不足為奇了。

In the past three decades, I've given more than 1,200 presentations to upward of a million people. Many say the ability to speak before large crowds is innate, but I'm not sure that's true.

在過去的30年，我給10萬人做過1200多次演講。許多人說在大量人群前演講的能力是天生的，但我不能同意。

I didn't do much public speaking in the first 20 years of my life. Our school didn't encourage students to speak in front of crowds, so I graduated from high school and started university thinking I didn't possess the tools to connect with large audiences.

在20歲之前，我沒做過多少公開演講。我們學校沒有鼓勵學生在人群前發(fā)言，所以我在高中畢業(yè)開始上大學時并沒有掌握與大量聽眾溝通的方法。

Like so many other things in life — including business acumen — speaking skills can betaught, enhanced, and perfected.

就像生活中的許多事(包括商業(yè)頭腦)，演講技能可以通過后天學習、提高、鞏固。

Poor lines of communication or a bad presentation can lead to lost opportunities. Conversely, great public speaking skills can land you a new job or client, motivate your team, and even turn a bad situation around.

不善溝通或者缺乏演講技巧可能會讓你失去機會。相反的，良好的公開演講技巧能幫你找到一份新工作或者結(jié)識新客戶，激發(fā)團隊積極性，甚至轉(zhuǎn)變糟糕的局勢。

Speak with purpose in the workplace

在工作場所帶著目的演講

In honing my public speaking skills, I've also significantly improved how I interact with my colleagues back in the office, mainly using these five tactics:

在磨練演講技巧時，我也極大地提升了自己與同事之間相互溝通的技巧，主要用以下五種策略：

1. Map out the message

1. 設計好要傳輸?shù)男畔?/p>

Think through what you want to say and identify the two or three key messages you want listeners to retain. Then, put those into a logical sequence. Keep the message condensed and easily understandable. The way to get a message across at work is to narrow it as much as possible. The more focused it is, the better employees will grasp it.

仔細想想你要說什么，確定兩到三個想讓聽眾記住的關(guān)鍵信息點。然后，把這些信息形成邏輯。讓這些信息簡明扼要、易于理解。在工作中傳達信息的方法是盡可能把它縮小。焦點越集中，員工越易于理解。

Your primary objective is to inform and educate the audience; to do this, focus on the content, but don't get too hung up on the delivery.

你的主要目的是告訴并教育聽眾要這樣做，專注于你的內(nèi)容，不要太在意演講方式。

Craft agendas for all presentations, be they companywide announcements or one-on-one chats with colleagues. Charting a direction for your workplace communication ensures that your message will land. Create a road map for your talk by planning all the necessary stops along the way. It's that simple.

為所有的演講制作議程，在公司范圍內(nèi)發(fā)布聲明或是一一與同事溝通。為辦公室內(nèi)的溝通確立方向能保證信息有效落地。給你的講話列好提綱，計劃好所有的細節(jié)。這是很簡單的。

2. Speak from the heart

2. 發(fā)自內(nèi)心地演講

Take possession of the room. People are giving you their time, so make it worth their while. It isn't enough just to know what you're talking about: You have to believe in it. Don't say "I wasn't planning on talking with you today" or that you didn't have time to prepare. Be humble, sincere, and controlled in your approach.

做這里的主人。人們給了你時間，要讓他們感覺有價值。只了解你要講什么是不夠的：你必須相信它。別說“我沒有打算今天談話”或者沒時間準備。要在演講過程中做到謙虛、真誠、克制。

Don't conduct a word-by-word recitation of your speech. Connect with your audience through constant eye contact and vocal modulation that allows your emotion, commitment, and determination to naturally shine.

別把演講弄成逐字逐句的背誦。通過不斷的眼神交流以及聲音調(diào)整與你的聽眾進行溝通，這會讓你的情感、承諾和決心自然地流露。

Delivering a new officewide initiative with this type of fervor, for example, keys employees in to the fact that what you're saying needs to be retained.

把這種熱情用在辦公場所，比如，重要員工所說的話需要被保留。

3. Use visuals

3. 運用視覺化表達

Never underestimate the value of showing visual elements that reinforce your points. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, people remember 65% of information they retain through a combination of visual and oral communication.

永遠別低估了運用視覺元素增強表現(xiàn)力的價值。根據(jù)美國勞工部的數(shù)據(jù)，人們通過視覺和口頭交流的方式記住了65%的信息。

Display the graphs, videos, and images that best convey your message. Visuals bring your words to life and improve the chances that your message will be committed to memory.

通過圖表、視頻和圖片能很好地傳輸你要表達的信息。視覺化能讓你的語言更生動，使你的信息更容易被記憶。

4. Be prepared

4. 充分準備

I was very nervous the first time I spoke in front of a crowd. I felt unprepared and overwhelmed with the audience's perception of me and my speech. Though my recollection of the talk itself is sketchy, one impression sticks with me: I never wanted to feel that vulnerable in front of an audience again.

我第一次在公眾前演講時非常緊張。觀眾對我以及演講的看法讓我感到措手不及、倍受打擊。雖然我對演講本身的回憶不夠清晰，但有一件事讓我印象深刻：我再也不想在聽眾前如此脆弱了。

Never wing it. Develop your own style, and don't try to copy someone else's. Whether you're discussing a department overhaul, a new hire, or a change in company policy, know what you're talking about. Collect any and all relevant information and come in prepared. If you show confidence, your audience will feel it, too.

永遠別臨場發(fā)揮。形成自己的風格，別試圖模仿別人。無論你是在討論部門改革、新員工，還是公司政策變化，都要知道自己在說什么。收集所有相關(guān)信息，充分準備。如果你表現(xiàn)出自信，你的聽眾也會這么覺得。

5. Zone in

5. 融入其中

You've prepared the talk — now it's time to prepare the speaker. Don't stay out late the night before, drink too much, or eat unfamiliar foods. A good night's rest is invaluable and will transfer good energy into the presentation.

你已經(jīng)準備好了演講，現(xiàn)在是時候準備作為一個演講者了。前一天晚上別在外面待到太晚，別喝多，也別吃陌生食品。晚上好好休息是很有必要的，會讓你在演講時精力充沛。

Dress appropriately, get to the venue on time, and ease into the surroundings. Feel comfortable with the stage, the room, and the audience. In the final hour before your talk, don't change a thing.

穿著得體，準時到達會場，輕松融入周圍環(huán)境。熟悉舞臺、房間以及聽眾。在你演講之前，不要再改變?nèi)魏蝺?nèi)容。

Public speaking isn't difficult. It's uncomfortable the first few times, because people are looking at you, listening to you, and hoping to learn something from you. You don't want to let them down, so don't. Business is all about having an idea and communicating your vision, so go ahead. Inform them, entertain them, and fill the room with your energy, passion, and presence.

公開演講并不難。開始幾次會感覺到不適，因為人們看著你、聽著你，并且希望從你這里學到一些東西。你也不想讓他們失望，那就別讓他們失望。商業(yè)說白了就是有一個想法，并且與人們溝通你的愿景，所以勇往直前吧。告訴他們、接納他們，把你的精力、熱情以及風度充滿整個房間。